Aim:- Study of Series R-L-C Circuit to;
1.
Calculate
the values of unknown parameters of R-L-C circuit.
2.
Determine the power factor of the
circuit.
3.
To draw a phasor diagram of the
circuit based on practical data and find out the applied voltage and power
factor from the phasor diagram.
Apparatus Required:-
S.
No. |
Name
of Equipment |
Type |
Range |
Quantity |
|
|||
1. |
Ammeter |
MC |
0-5A |
1 |
|
|||
3. |
Voltmeter |
MC |
0-300V |
3 |
|
|||
4. |
Inductive Coil |
Variable |
5A, 250V |
1 |
|
|||
5. |
Rheostat |
Single tube |
500ohms, 5A |
1 |
|
|||
6. |
Capacitor |
- |
- |
1 |
|
|||
7. |
Single Phase variac |
- |
230V, 10A |
1 |
|
|||
|
|
|||||||
Theory:- In the present circuit,
resistance R, inductor L and copulation C are connected in series across a
voltage Source V. Thus the current in all the elements is same, whereas voltage
across each element would be different. The resultant applied voltage V is the
phasor sum of all the voltages across these elements. In such a series circuit,
following basic relations can be derived:
Voltage across
the resistance, VR = IR
Voltage across
the inductance, VL = IXL
Voltage across the
capacitance, VC = IXc
Power drawn by
the circuit, P =VI
Power factor of
the circuit,
Where,
XL =
Inductive reactance =
XC
Capacitive reactance =
The
power factor of such a circuit is lagging the power Factor of this dreat will
be leading Hence, by measuring the voltage across various elements, applied
voltage: current flowing in the circuit and the power consumed by the circuit,
all the parameters of the circuit can bị calkulated.
Circuit Diagram:-
PROCEDURE:
1.
Connect
the circuit as per the circuit diagram shown in fig.
2.
Adjust
the setting of variac, so that applied voltage to the R-L-C series circuit is
zero.
3.
Switch-ON
the main supply.
4.
Apply
a low voltage to R-L-C series circuit and record the readings of ammeter,
wattmeter and voltage across resistor, inductor, capacitor and across the
terminals C and E of the variac. Voltages should be measured by a single
voltmeter to increase the accuracy of measurement.
5.
Repeat
step 4 for increased voltage applied to the circuit. It is sufficient to record
3 or 4 set of readings.
6.
Switch-off
the main supply.
7.
Draw
the phasor diagram, corresponding to one set of reading, preferable at higher
voltage, and verify the calculated value of power factor.
Observation
Table:-
S.
No. |
V
(V) |
I(mA) |
VR(V) |
VL(V) |
VC(V) |
1. |
230.5 |
0.4
|
51.7 |
103.3 |
320.2 |
Calculation:-
S.
No. |
R= |
XL=
|
XC
= |
Z
= |
P.F.
= |
1. |
129.25 |
258.25 |
800.5 |
576.25 |
0.231 |
Precaucation:-
1. Make
the connections properly.
2. Note
the readings of voltmeters and ammeters properly.
3. Remove
insulations from the connecting wire so as the current will flow properly
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