Bit Manipulation
Types of Bitwise Operators
- Binary AND &
- Binary OR |
- Binary XOR ^
- Binary Ones's Complement ~
- Binary Left Shift <<
- Binary Right Shift >>
Binary And &
1 & 0=0
0 & 0=0
1 & 1=1
0 & 1=0
Example
5 & 7
=> 101 & 111= 101
=> 5
#include<bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
int main() {
cout<<(5 & 7)<<endl;
return 0;
}
OUTPUT: 5
Binary OR |
1 | 0=1
0 | 0=0
1 | 1=1
0 | 1=1
Example
5 & 7
=> 101 & 111= 111
=> 7
#include<bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
int main() {
cout<<(5 | 7)<<endl;
return 0;
}
OUTPUT: 7
Binary XOR ^ (Exclusive OR)
1&0=1
0&0=0
1&1=0
0&1=1
Example
5 ^ 7
=> 101 ^ 111= 010
=> 2
#include<bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
int main() {
cout<<(5 ^ 7)<<endl;
return 0;
}
OUTPUT: 2
Binary NOT ~
~ 0 = 1
~ 1 = 0
#include<bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
int main() {
cout<<(~5)<<endl;
return 0;
}
OUTPUT: -6
Binary Left Shift << ( Multiplication )
Generally written as 5 << 2
as 5 is written as 0000101 in Binary so
5 << 2 = 0010100 i.e the number gets multiplied by 2^2
Left Shift means moving the every bit left.
Example
5 << 2
=> 20
#include<bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
int main() {
cout<<(5<<2)<<endl;
return 0;
}
OUTPUT: 20
Binary Right Shift >>( Division)
Generally written as 5 >> 1
as 5 is written as 0000101 in Binary so
5 >> 1 = 000010 i.e the number gets divide by 2^1
Right Shift means moving the every bit right.
Example
5 >> 1
=> 2
#include<bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
int main() {
cout<<(5>>2)<<endl;
return 0;
}
OUTPUT: 2
Check whether a number is ODD or EVEN using Bitwise Operator
If the LSB (Least Significant Bit) is 1 then taking & with 1 will give 1 only so the number will be odd and if LSB is 0 then taking & with 1 will give 0 so it means it is Even.
#include<bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
int main() {
int n= 100;
int t=101;
if(n&1){
cout<<"100 is ODD"<<endl;
}
else{
cout<<"100 is EVEN"<<endl;
}
if(t&1){
cout<<"101 is ODD"<<endl;
}
else{
cout<<"101 is EVEN"<<endl;
}
return 0;
}
OUTPUT:
100 is EVEN
101 is ODD
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